The paper, "The Hazards of Travel," traces the history and evolution of transportation-related accidents and regulatory responses in the U.S., with a focus on steamboats and railways from the early 19th century to the mid-20th century. It discusses the progression of accidents as transportation methods developed and became more widely used, emphasizing the significant reduction in fatalities due to effective regulations and technological improvements. The paper also touches upon contemporary issues related to automobile safety and public perception of transportation risks.
The Heisenberg Certainty Principle by Kevin Smith delves into the paradoxical legacy of Werner Heisenberg, juxtaposing his monumental contributions to quantum physics, notably the uncertainty principle, against his involvement in Nazi Germany's atomic bomb project. It narrates the intriguing encounter between Heisenberg and Morris Berg, an American Jewish baseball player turned spy, who assessed Heisenberg's progress on the atomic bomb for the Allies. This meeting, set against the dire backdrop of WWII, underscores the complexities of science, espionage, and moral decisions in wartime. The paper is structured around the contrasting lives of Heisenberg and Berg, their respective achievements, and the pivotal Zurich meeting that decided Heisenberg's fate.
This academic paper provides a comprehensive overview of the Hermitage Museum in Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg), detailing its history, architectural evolution, and the vast and diverse collections it houses. James B. Noell discusses the museum's founding by Catherine II in 1764, its expansion over the centuries, and its role in cultural preservation and education. He highlights the museum's impressive array of art from various periods and regions, including works by Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Rembrandt, as well as significant collections of Egyptian, Greek, Roman, and Oriental art. Noell emphasizes the Hermitage's importance as a repository of human history and creativity, showcasing its role in both Russian and global cultural heritage.
This presentation focuses on the High Renaissance and its three famous leaders: Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael. Dr. West emphasizes the personality and relationship of these three giants. They knew each other well, but there could be no two men more different in personality than Leonardo and Michelangelo who were definitely not fond of each other.
John H. MacMillan's lecture "The Infrared Herring?" delves into the complexities and misconceptions surrounding the greenhouse effect and its impact on global warming. MacMillan challenges the accuracy and consensus of scientific findings related to greenhouse gases, particularly CO2, methane, chlorofluorocarbons, and nitrous oxide, and their roles in climate change. He critically examines the predictions made by computer models and highlights the significant uncertainties involved, especially the effects of clouds and ocean currents on climate. The lecture also explores potential responses to mitigate the impact of greenhouse gases, including energy conservation, alternative energy sources, and adaptation strategies. MacMillan emphasizes the political and economic challenges of implementing global solutions to combat the augmented greenhouse effect.
John H. MacMillan's talk "The Italian Navigator" recounts the significant contributions of Enrico Fermi to nuclear physics, culminating in the first nuclear chain reaction in 1942. MacMillan outlines Fermi's early career, his move to the United States due to Fascist Italy's anti-Semitic laws, and his pioneering work at Columbia University and the University of Chicago. The paper highlights the discovery of artificial radioactivity, the concept of neutron moderation, the assembly of the first nuclear pile under Stagg Field, and the collaboration among European immigrant scientists in advancing nuclear research. The successful initiation of a controlled nuclear chain reaction marked a pivotal moment in scientific history, demonstrating the practical application of nuclear fission and setting the groundwork for atomic energy and weaponry.
Robert Wimer begins by explaining how the village of Amherst “had become so poisoned that other localities were making it a laughing stock.” A central character in Amherst’s history was Judge Clarence J. Campbell who ruled with an iron fist. Lawlessness abounded and Judge Campbell was a central figure in this lawlessness. Wimer vividly describes the court trials Campbell faced in the early 1900s and the outcomes. Campbell’s opponents passed prohibition and helped Amherst become an incorporated town.
This paper by Marc A. Schewel explores Elvis Presley's enduring influence on American culture, politics, and music, highlighting his role in the 1992 postage stamp election, the impact of his performances and persona on societal norms and values, and his posthumous legacy as a cultural icon that transcends music, impacting political imagery and fan communities.
Julie P. Doyle's paper explores the world of competitive rock climbing, driven by her daughter's passion for the sport. It details the history of rock climbing, from its origins tied to mountaineering and egg poaching to its evolution as an independent sport. Key topics include the development of climbing techniques, the impact of World War II, prominent climbers like Royal Robbins and Yvon Chouinard, and the distinctions between traditional and sport climbing.
"Digital reproduction of Jones Memorial Library Manuscript Collection 1462, Letters of Henry G. Compton and William J. Jeter, 1861-1862.
The collection includes two letters written in 1861 by Henry G. Compton while stationed at Camp McCullock during the American Civil War and one letter by William J. Jeter written in 1862 while stationed in New Market, Virginia.
The original letters are held at Jones Memorial Library in Lynchburg, Virginia. The handwritten letters were encased. Typed transcriptions are included for the two Compton letters."
Robert Wimer presents a biographical Sketch of Carter Glass (1858-1946) of Lynchburg. The owner of Lynchburg’s newspapers, Glass also spent 44 years in Washington D.C. Glass was known for “ferociously assailing his opponents,” and he always put personal convictions above party loyalty. After covering a wide range of contributions (for better and worse) that Glass made, Wimer explains the times that Glass lived in and then discusses his racism and lack of willingness to compromise.
Robert Chambliss Light, Jr.'s lecture, titled "The Lion and the Fox," delves into the dynamics of acquiring power through the lens of historical figures Huey Long and Robert Moses, contrasting their paths to influence. Light explores Long's political maneuvering in Louisiana and Moses's non-elected authority in New York, showcasing their unique strategies and impacts. Drawing from T. Harry Williams and Robert Caro's biographies, the lecture presents these figures as embodiments of Machiavellian principles, highlighting their charismatic, yet ruthless pursuit of power. Light concludes by reflecting on the multifaceted nature of power acquisition and its dependence on individual cunning and circumstance.
This paper explores the life of Cassius Marcellus Clay, a prominent 19th-century abolitionist from Kentucky. It discusses his education, political career, and his fierce opposition to slavery. Notable events include his fiery abolitionist speeches, duels, and founding of the anti-slavery newspaper, The True American. The paper also covers his diplomatic service in Russia and later years marked by personal turmoil.
In "The Look, A Savannah Girl's View," Mrs. Langhorne reflects on her life experiences and observations, covering a range of topics from racial issues to historical events. She discusses her role in breaking the glass ceiling as Chair of the Lynchburg School Board, the controversies surrounding Ralph Northam and historical racism at Valparaiso University, and concludes with her views on the display of the Confederate flag at the Lynchburg Museum and her family's history in the Civil War.
The paper by Sterling Allen Wilder, titled "The Lost Boys," discusses the educational and social challenges faced by young African American males, focusing on the Fourth Grade Failure Syndrome and its long-term effects. The paper examines the decline in academic performance, systemic biases, lack of male role models, and socio-economic factors contributing to the underachievement and high incarceration rates of African American males. It calls for educational reform, increased male role models, and community involvement to address these issues.
This paper was written in 1936 by a non-Sphex Club member was read by Dr. Harris. It gives a condensed history of the development of medical practice before the emergence of scientific medicine.
This paper by Rev. Dennis S. Roberts explores the intertwined history of temperance movements and the power of music in social reform within the United States, particularly during Prohibition. It outlines the origins and societal impacts of alcohol consumption, the rise of temperance societies led by influential figures and organizations, and the strategic use of song by these movements to promote their cause. The paper further delves into the personal connection with the speaker's ancestor's involvement in teaching shape-note singing and concludes with the complexities and outcomes of Prohibition, highlighted by the story of Methodist Bishop James Cannon, Jr. This narrative illustrates the multifaceted effects of Prohibition, including corruption, hypocrisy, and ultimately, the societal shift back to regulated alcohol consumption.
This academic paper titled "The Man Huntington Loved to Hate" by Julius Sigler delves into the multifaceted life of Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford, an American-born scientist, inventor, and social reformer whose contributions spanned various domains yet remains largely forgotten today. Sigler critiques the traditional, linear narrative of scientific progress by showcasing Thompson's complex journey from a humble beginning to his impactful roles across Europe. Highlighting Thompson's work in thermodynamics, military reform, and social welfare, particularly in Bavaria, the paper argues for a reevaluation of Thompson's legacy, underscoring his pioneering approach to applied science and his significant yet underappreciated contributions to society.
Arelia S. Langhorne's lecture, "The Meat in the Coconut" reflects on her personal journey through the evolution of voting rights in the United States, emphasizing the impact of the Shelby County v. Holder decision by the Supreme Court in 2013. Langhorne critiques the decision for undermining the preclearance requirement of the Voting Rights Act, sharing her experiences of racial discrimination and her efforts to protect voting rights over four decades. The lecture underscores the ongoing struggle against voter suppression and the need for legislative action to restore and protect the voting rights of minorities.
